walking, frequents hotels of the highest class, and requires the ser-
vices of guides and commissionaires, must be prepared to expend
at least 25-30s. daily.
PASSPORTS are not absolutely necessary in Austria; but they are
sometimes called for in order to prove the identity of the traveller,
they are not unfrequently serviceable in procuring admission to col-
lections, and they must be presented at the post-office before the
traveller can obtain delivery of registered letters. — For Servia and
Roumania passports are indispensable (see pp. 381, 404 ).
Foreign Office passports may be obtained in London through C. Smith
and Son, 63 Charing Cross; Buss, 440 West Strand; E. Stanford, 26 Cock
spur Street, Charing Cross; W. J. Adams, 59 Fleet Street (charge 2s.; agent's
fee 1s. 6d.).
CUSTOM HOUSE formalities are now almost everywhere lenient.
As a rule, however, articles purchased during the journey, which are
not destined for personal use, should be declared at the frontier. At
the Austrian frontier playing-cards, almanacks, and sealed letters
are liable to confiscation. Tobacco and cigars, the sale of which in
Austria is a monopoly of government, are liable to a duty of about
12 K. per pound. According to the strict rule, one ounce of tobacco
and 10 cigars only are exempt from duty. Cycles, see p. xiv. — The
keys should be sent along with all luggage forwarded in advance.
II. Season and Plan of Tour.
The Austria - Hungarian monarchy covers an area of 115,840
square miles (exclusive of Bosnia and the Herzegovina), with a
population of 45,405,000 (26,151,000 in Austria, 19,254,000 in
Hungary), of whom 79 per cent in Austria and 51 per cent in Hungary
are Roman Catholics. In 1900 there were 9,171,000 Germans in
Austria and 2,135,000 in Hungary, 15,690,000 Slavs in Austria and
5,180,000 in Hungary, and 8,742,000 Magyars in Hungary. Four
fifths of the country is mountainous.
The best time for a visit to Vienna or Budapest is between the
middle of April and the middle of June, and in autumn. During
the hot summer months most of the well-to-do inhabitants leave
town and most of the theatres and other places of amusement are
closed. The health-resorts are frequented from early spring, and at
the height of the summer are generally crowded and correspondingly
expensive. For ascents in the German Alps, the Hohe Tatra, and
the Transylvanian Carpathians the best time is from the middle of
July till the middle of September; for walking tours and for the
Southern Alps May, June and September are preferable. Comp.
also for Dalmatia p. 292, for Bosnia p. 428.
Among the most interesting points in Austria-Hungary are the following:
In the ARCHDUCHY OF AUSTRIA, SALZKAMMERGUT, and SALZBURG: Vienna
(p. 1); Linz (p. 86); the Danube from Linz (or Passau) to Vienna (R. 4);
Schafberg (p. 104); Gmunden, Traunsee, and Ischl (R. 8); Salzburg and
the Gaisberg (R. 10); the environs of Golling (p. 117); Liechtenstein-